The Science of Describing
Natural History in Renaissance Europe
431 pages
|
14 halftones, 21 line drawings
|
6 x 9
|
© 2006
Out of the diverse traditions of medical humanism, classical philology, and natural philosophy, Renaissance naturalists created a new science devoted to discovering and describing plants and animals. Drawing on published natural histories, manuscript correspondence, garden plans, travelogues, watercolors, and drawings, The Science of Describing reconstructs the evolution of this discipline of description through four generations of naturalists.
In the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, naturalists focused on understanding ancient and medieval descriptions of the natural world, but by the mid-sixteenth century naturalists turned toward distinguishing and cataloguing new plant and animal species. To do so, they developed new techniques of observing and recording, created botanical gardens and herbaria, and exchanged correspondence and specimens within an international community. By the early seventeenth century, naturalists began the daunting task of sorting through the wealth of information they had accumulated, putting a new emphasis on taxonomy and classification.
Illustrated with woodcuts, engravings, and photographs, The Science of Describing is the first broad interpretation of Renaissance natural history in more than a generation and will appeal widely to an interdisciplinary audience.
In the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, naturalists focused on understanding ancient and medieval descriptions of the natural world, but by the mid-sixteenth century naturalists turned toward distinguishing and cataloguing new plant and animal species. To do so, they developed new techniques of observing and recording, created botanical gardens and herbaria, and exchanged correspondence and specimens within an international community. By the early seventeenth century, naturalists began the daunting task of sorting through the wealth of information they had accumulated, putting a new emphasis on taxonomy and classification.
Illustrated with woodcuts, engravings, and photographs, The Science of Describing is the first broad interpretation of Renaissance natural history in more than a generation and will appeal widely to an interdisciplinary audience.
Association of American Publishers: PROSE Book Award
Honorable Mention
History of Science Society: Pfizer Award
Short Listed/Finalist
Harold J. Cook, Professor and Director, Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London
“This is a beautifully crafted and erudite book on the formation of the new discipline of natural history and its concepts from the late fifteenth century to the early seventeenth. Ogilvie’s emphasis on the importance of description in the development of natural knowledge helps to transform our historical understanding of the origin and content of the scientific revolution.”
Florike Egmond
“In this wide-ranging survey, Brian Ogilvie sketches the emergence of botany as a discipline in the course of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, providing a vivid portrayal of the community of early modern European naturalists, their ideas, inventions, traditions, and practices. The ‘science of describing’, which includes visual representation, was at the heart of their innovative approach to natural history, and there was nothing self-evident about the new forms of empiricism that permeated their approach to nature in Europe and far beyond.”
—Florike Egmond, coeditor of Bodily Extremities: Preoccupations with the Human Body in Early Modern European Culture
—Florike Egmond, coeditor of Bodily Extremities: Preoccupations with the Human Body in Early Modern European Culture
Laurent Pinon, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris
“What did Renaissance naturalists actually do? How and why did they do it? Starting from those simple but fundamental questions, Brian Ogilvie’s strongly learned and penetrating study makes sense of the invention of natural history and the birth of a community devoted to it. In the vividly and elegantly written pages of The Science of Describing, Ogilvie places the practice of description centerstage and offers a superb analysis and interpretation of an unfairly neglected field of early modern culture.”
Paula Findlen, Stanford University
“Brian Ogilvie has written a learned and challenging commentary on the emergence of natural history as a Renaissance discipline. His book offers the most comprehensive account of the growth of natural history in the late fifteenth through early seventeenth centuries and successfully demonstrates how the slow, laborious work of empiricism, conjoined with a humanist vision of knowledge and community, created a project he aptly characterizes as the science of description.”
Ann Blair, Harvard University
“This is a wonderfully engaging and richly contextualized study of discipline formation among European naturalists ca. 1490–1630. Ogilvie moves brilliantly back and forth between big questions and specific examples to illuminate the intellectual, material, and social practices of natural history, especially botany, as the field generated and managed an unprecedented explosion of new specimens to describe.”
Adrian Barnett | New Scientist
"In this beautifully illustrated, fascinating book, Brian Ogilvie shows how the natural sciences developed in a vigorous and quite different way to the experimentalism of the 'hard" sciences.' "
Choice
"Ogilvie offers an extensively researched, lavishly documented, and detailed account of botany's emergence as an independent intellectual enterprise in 16th-century western Europe. . . . What distinguishes this account is its ability to set its subject into a larger epistemological context."
Sandra Knapp | Nature
"In his beautifully crafted book . . . Ogilvie shows that history has much to teach us. His detailed examination of how the science of natural history developed . . . has lessons for all scientists, not just biologists. . . . [Ogilvie] has done more than just write about the Renaissance science of describing; he has written the story of how science constantly reinvents itself, seen through the lens of the pre-Linnaeans."
Daniela Bleichmar | Journal of the History of Biology
"This erudite and lively book traces the invention of natural history over the course of the long sixteenth century. . . . Ogilvie's thoughtful and richly detailed analysis of naturalists' multiple practices gives us the fullest and most vivid picture we have of this scholarly universe, making it a valuable contribution, and one that is a pleasure to read. . . . A treasure trove of detail and insight into questions central not only to the history of natural history, but to the history of early modern science and early modern scholarship in general."
Ian Maclean | American Historical Review
"It is attractively written, lucid, and well illustrated, and it makes excellent use of the extensive existing scholarship. . . . This rich study is an important contribution to the reevaluation to which the forerunners of the new science of the seventeenth century are now being subjected."
Jim Endersby | Times Literary Supplement
"A book that...breaks with tradition even as it builds on it. Brian Ogilvie argues convincingly that we need to discard, once and for all, the idea that natural history remained largely static from the era of Aristotle until the birth of the modern world."
Daniel Margocsy | Nuncius
"[Ogilvie] illustrates wonderfully how16th-century natural history used the tool of philology to establish the credibility of anceint texts, exotic discoverers and fellow natural historians. . . . Including an extensive survey of primary sources and peppered with wonderful anecdotes on little-studied details of 16th-17th-century science, this work might well become the definitive work on erudite Renaissance natural history for years to come."
Claudia Stein | Endeavour
"A tour de force, full of fascinating detail. Importantly, Ogilvie never gets lost in facts but rather successfully arranges them into a new challenging interpretive framework for understanding the emergence and the practice of Renaissance natural history. . . . Enormously engaging, and written with a passion that rivals that of the sixteenth-century naturalists themselves, this book can be heartily recommended to all who wish to learn more about the European origins of the modern investigation of nature."
Patricia Fara | Renaissance Studies
"Splendid...Although this is a specialized subject, Ogilvie has organized his material well, making his book readily accessible through concise summaries of each chapter and friendly advice to skip the section on methodology. While he writes in a clear, non-technical style, his erudition and industry are made apparent by his extensive references to primary sources.”
Barbara Karl | Journal of Historical Geography
"Ogilvie's book is densely written and its fluent style makes the complex content accessible. . . . It can be lauded for making the complex nature of this period of scientific exchange comprehensible to the interested reader."
Peter Barnard | Archives of Natural History
"This book can scarcely be praised too highly: it is extremely readable, yet authoritative and well-documented. It is an essential text for understanding the emergence of natural history as a distinct discipline."
John A. Heitmann | The Historian
"A beautifully crafted monograph on Renaissance natural history. This is a learned, scholarly, and analytical work that goes well beyond surveys in the history of science or Renaissance history, yet at the same time is eminently readable and at times rather entertaining. . . . If one is interested in learning much about the Renaissance in terms of the place of the ancients, as well as the methods and new directions of the humanists, there is no better way to explore and understand the period than to read Brian W. Ogilvie."
Ann Blair | Journal of Modern History
"Ogilvie renews our undrstanding of the roles of authority, experience, and trust, among other themes in this richly contextualized account, which integrates the study of books, of working methods, and of social interactions with great intellectual sophistication."
Kathleen Crowther | Isis
"An enormously erudite, meticulously researched, and engagingly written book. It should be considered essential reading for anyone interested in the history of biology or early modern cultural and intellectual history."
Contents
List of Figures
Preface and Acknowledgments
Conventions
1. Introduction
2. The World of Renaissance Natural History
3. The Humanist Invention of Natural History
Preface and Acknowledgments
Conventions
1. Introduction
2. The World of Renaissance Natural History
3. The Humanist Invention of Natural History
4. A Science of Describing
5. Common Sense, Classification, and the Catalogue of Nature
6. Conclusion: What Was "Renaissance Natural History"?
Notes
Bibliography
Index
5. Common Sense, Classification, and the Catalogue of Nature
6. Conclusion: What Was "Renaissance Natural History"?
Notes
Bibliography
Index
For more information, or to order this book, please visit http://www.press.uchicago.edu
Google preview here
You may purchase this title at these fine bookstores. Outside the USA, see our international sales information.
