Mu Cao has no diplomas, is not a member of the Chinese Writers’ Association, and publishes almost entirely outside of official channels. He has been described as a folk poet and a “voice from the bottom of Chinese society.” His avant-garde novels, poetry collections and short story collections include The Transsexual Age, A Treasured Book of Sunflowers, Selected Poems of Mu Cao, and Scream of a Hundred Lan Yus. He lives in Zhengzhou, Henan Province.