Sharing Our Pathways
Native Perspectives on Education in Alaska
Distributed for University of Alaska Press
Originally published in the Sharing Our Pathways newsletter of the Alaska Rural Systemic Initiative, the essays in this volume describe school reform strategies, curricula, and pedagogical practices that incorporate the indigenous knowledge systems of Alaska Native peoples into the formal education system. Individual sections consider contributions from or inspired by, among others, the Yup’ik, Tlingit, Unangan, Athabascan, and Iñupiaq tribes. Covering ten years of pioneering education initiatives, this comprehensive collection will simultaneously prepare Alaska Native students for the future while preserving and strengthening their ties to the past.
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Part I—Athabascan Pathways to Education
Rural Alaska School Districts: Who is in Control?
Frank Hill
Research and Indigenous Peoples
Nakutluk Virginia Ned
Documenting Indigenous Knowledge and Languages: Research Planning and Protocol
Beth Leonard
Remembering Our Heroes
Frank Hill
An Elder Interview with Howard Luke
Howard Luke and Sarah McConnell
Components of Culturally-Responsive Schools
Frank Hill
Learning Dinaxinag: A Personal Journey Through Higher Education
Beth Leonard
The Hills on the Telaquana Trail
Frank Hill
Part II—Iñupiaq Pathways to Education
Challenges in Alaska Native Education Today
Rachel Craig
Alaska Native Cultural Integration into the Curriculum
Martha Stackhouse
What’s in a Name?
Rachel Craig
Integrating Indigenous Knowledge into Education
Elmer Jackson
New Pathways to Excellence
Florence B. Kuzuguk
Learning the Iñupiaq Language
Martha Aiken
Minnie Aliitchak Qapviatchialuk Gray, Ambler
Elmer Jackson
Traditional Knowledge, Environmental Assessment, and the Clash of Two Cultures
Richard Glenn
The Time is Right to Write
Dorothy M. Larson
Traditional Methods of Healing and Medicine for Sciences Fair Projects
Elmer Jackson
Aspects of Traditional Iñupiat Education
Paul Ongtooguk
Community Values and Beliefs
Bernice Tetpon
Nikaitchuat Ixisabviat: An Iñupiaq Immersion School
Igxubuq Dianne Schaeffer
Native Languages in Alaska
Ruthie Sampson
Inuit Studies: Some Reflections
Maricia Ahmasuk
Integrating Culturally-Responsive School Standards in Education
Yaayuk Bernadette Alvanna-Stimpfle
Humility
Sean Topkok
Part III—Tlingit/Haida Pathways to Education
Reading Poles
Andy Hope
Elders in the Classroom
Roby Littlefield
In the Presences of Stories
Vivian Martindale
Native American Perspective and the Classroom Experience
Ted A. Wright,
Native American Songs as Literature
Vivian Martindale
The School of Custom and Tradition
Andy Hope
S’axt’: Incorporating Native Values in a Place-Based Lesson Plan
Vivian Martindale
Perspectives from a Lingit Language Instructor
Vivian Martindale and Vivian Mork
Part IV—Unangan/Alutiiq Pathways to Education
Cultural Innovation at Netsvetov
Ethan Petticrew
Elder Interview: Nick Galaktionoff
Moses L. Dirks
Leave No Language Behind
Sally and Sperry Ash
The Education of a Seal Hunter
Moses Dirks
Part V—Yup’ik/Cup’ik Pathways to Education
Earth, Air, Fire, Water and Spirit as a Foundation for Education
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Yupiaq Mathematics: Pattern and Form in Space and Place
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Learning Put Into Cultural Perspective
William Beans
Active Reality Research
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
A “New” Old Way of Understanding
Joe Slats
An Alliance Between Humans and Creatures
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Collaboration in Education
Ayaprun Loddie Jones
Traditional Yup’ik Knowledge—Lessons for All of Us
Esther Ilutsik
Never, Never, No Matter What!
Cecilia Tacuk Martz
Revitalizing Harmony in Village and School Relationships
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley and Dixie Dayo
Gathering Resources
Nita Rearden
Identity Creating Camps
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Developing Culturally-Responsive Curriculum
Esther Arnaq Ilutsik
How Does the Crane Keep Its Language?
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Qelakun Wall’ Qetegkun?
Cecilia Tacuk Martz
Multicultural Education: Partners in Learning Yugtun Qaneryararput Arcaqertuq
Theresa Arevgaq John
Alaska Native Village Education
John P. Angaiak
Nurturing Native Languages
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Oral Traditional Knowledge: Does It Belong in the Classroom?
Esther A. Ilutsik
In the Maelstrom of Confusion, a Stilling Voice
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Who is this Child Named WIPCE?
Ac’arralek Lolly Sheppard Carpluk
Revisiting Action-Oriented, Multi-Reality Research
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Reviving Our Cultures and Languages: A Cup’ik Perspective
John F. Pingayak
Navigating Across the Tundra with Fred George
Claudette Engblom-Bradley
Blowing in the Wind
Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley
Cultural Standards and Test Scores
Ray Barnhardt, Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley and Frank Hill
Appendices
Alaska Standards for Culturally Responsive Schools
Alaska Native Values
Education: Comparative Education
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