I Say to You
Ethnic Politics and the Kalenjin in Kenya
“How did the Kalenjin, an ethnic group that did not exist before the 1940s, come to dominate Kenya in the 1980s? It is a remarkable story, and Gabrielle Lynch tells it well. The social imagination of ethnic community is one of modern African history’s most contested themes. Lynch shows how much it depended on a rumination on past history, but she also appreciates the importance of creative political intrigue. Her combination of the two makes for a thought-provoking read.”
“This is an indispensable guide to understanding the distinctive place of Kalenjin nationalism in Kenyan politics and the recent post-election violence as well as the role of ethnicity in Africa more broadly. I Say to You traces the work of indigenous intellectuals and independence-era political leaders in shaping a larger sense of collective kinship among people sharing a broadly similar language and culture, though often with sharply diverging senses of connection. Lynch is superb in explaining both the persistent dissension within the Kalenjin as well as the way unity was achieved in the context of the ethnic logic of Kenyan politics, the dynamics of which she has exceptional insight into.”
“I Say to You is a richly detailed and insightful analysis of the dynamic and open-ended process of ethnic construction and politicization that focuses on one of the most recent and important ethnic communities to emerge in Kenya in modern times. Lynch’s adept weaving of political, cultural, and economic factors in a compelling historical analysis of the Kalenjin and their position in Kenya’s contentious ethnic politics has much wider theoretical and methodological importance for understanding the process of ethnic politicization in not only the rest of Africa, but also in other non-Western societies subject to the double historical wallops of colonialism and globalization.”
Abbreviations, Swahili Terms, and Note on Ethnic Nomenclature
Acknowledgments
Map 1: Kenya: Provinces and Area of Focus
Map 2: Area of Focus: Kalenjin-Dominated Districts
Introduction: The Nature and Political Salience of Ethnic Identity
1. Creating a Community: From Nandi Speakers to Kalenjin
2. Popularizing the Kalenjin: Decolonization and the First Majimbo Debate
3. Moi: The Making of an African “Big Man”
4. Harambee to Nyayo: Control and Patronage in the President’s Backyard
5. Democratization and the “Kalenjin Vote,” 1990–2002
6. Multiparty Politics and the “Ethnic Factor,” 2002–8
Conclusion: Ethnic Politics in Modern Kenya
Appendix: Multiparty Election and Referendum Results in Kalenjin-Dominated Constituencies
Notes
Sources
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