Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
1. The Relationship Between Lord and Warrior-Follower in Germanic Societies
2. The Anthropology of the Gift: the Heirs of Marcel Mauss
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The anthropology of exchange
2.3 Marcel Mauss' Essai sur le don: three controversial assumptions and conclusions
2.3.1 The Essai sur le don
2.3.2 Cultural diversity and speculations on origins and evolution
2.3.3 Giving or asking, taking and keeping
2.3.4 The commensurability of subject and object
3. Louis Dumont, Casa-Erasme and Exchange
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Homo hierarchicus
3.3 Some central concepts: structure, ideology, hierarchy, level and value
3.4 Homo maior and Homo minor: hierarchy and equality
3.5 The holistic society of the Tobelo of Halmahera (Indonesia)
3.6 The study and comparison of non-modern societies and systems of exchange
3.7 Gift exchange among the Tobelo of Halmahera: human constituents as valued parts of exchange objects
3.8 Conclusion
4. Christian Thought and Beowulf
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Christian thought and Beowulf: an overview
4.3 Beowulf as corrupted text
4.4 A secular text in a Christian era
4.4.1 Beowulf: a Christian poem
4.4.2 Beowulf and ancestral ethics
4.4.3 A critique of the secular interpretation of Beowulf
4.5 Pagan literature and pagan ancestors in Christian perspective
4.6 Adam, Job, Christ and Beowulf: typological and allegorical interpretations of Beowulf
4.6.1 Beowulf as a figura of Christ
4.6.2 Beowulf's lost battle
4.6.3 A critique of Goldsmith's allegorical reading of Beowulf
4.7 Pagan, noble but without hope: a Christian perspective on an ancestral past
4.8 Conclusion
5. Mapping Society in Beowulf
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Beowulf: a universe of relationships
5.3 Space, time and social structure
5.3.1 The king and the royal family
5.3.2 The throne, the treasure, the hall and the stronghold
5.3.3 The king's retinue
5.3.4 The land and the people
5.3.5 Neighboring people and monsters
5.3.6 God
5.3.7 Time and the life-cycle
6. Gift Exchange and the Constitution of Person and Society in Beowulf
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The human person, society and objects of exchange
6.2.1 Objects of exchange in Beowulf
6.2.2 The constitution of the person in Beowulf
6.2.3 Life and image; fertility and reputation
6.3 Ceremonial gift exchange and the constitution of person and society in Beowulf: a model
6.3.1 The elements of the model
6.3.2 The model illustrated by Beowulf's life cycle
7. Epilogue: Beyond Power
Bibliography
Index
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