Modern Nature

Acknowledgments 
 
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction: The Biological Perspective and the Problem of a Modern Nature
 
Identity, Mobility, and Place
Popular Science and Populist Natural History
The Biological Perspective and the History of Biology
Ghosts and Shadows
Tracing the Biological Perspective
 
CHAPTER TWO
Bringing Life to Natural History
 
Practical and Popular Natural History
The Taxidermic Life
Against the “Terrorism of System”: Martin on Taxidermic Displays
Stuttgart: Representing Nature for the Fatherland
Commercial Displays: Nature as Spectacle
Bringing Nature’s Past to Life
Public/Private, Science/Art, Elite/Popular: Natural History Institutions and Values
 
CHAPTER THREE
The World in Miniature: Practical Natural History and the Zoo Movement
 
The Zoo as a Cultural Institution
Designing a World in Miniature
Caring for Animals: From Daily Life to Nature Protection
The Circulation of People and Ideas
Conclusion
 
CHAPTER FOUR
From Practice to Theory: Karl Möbius and the Lebensgemeinschaft
 
Karl Möbius: Upwardly Striving Youth
Natural History in Hamburg
Natural History Activist
The Fauna of the Kiel Fjord
From Hamburg to Kiel
The Oyster and Oyster-Culture
Conclusion: Social Mobility and Ecological Theory
 
CHAPTER FIVE
The “Living Community” in the Classroom
 
Natural History and School Reform
Friedrich Junge and The Village Pond
The Spread of the Village Pond Gospel
The Village Pond Curriculum as Heimatkunde
Conclusion
 
CHAPTER SIX
Reforming the Natural History Museum, 1880–1900
 
The Emergence of the Professional Curator
The Institutional Landscape
Dual Arrangement
The Museum as a Center for Biological Knowledge
Conclusion
 
CHAPTER SEVEN
Biological Groups, Nature, and Culture in the Museum
 
The Kunde Projects
The Museum für Natur-, Völker-, und Handelskunde in Bremen (1896)
The Altona City Museum (1901) and Heimatkunde
The Museum für Meereskunde (1906)
Biological Groups, Modernity, and the Representation of Nature 

CHAPTER EIGHT
From Biology to Ecology
 
Biologie and Secondary School Reform
Biologie as Popular Natural History
From Biology to Ecology
Pedagogical, Popular, and Professional Ecology
 
CHAPTER NINE
Museum Research and the Rise of Ecological Animal Geography
 
Exploring Life in the Ocean
Making Animal Geography Ecological
Ecological versus Historical Zoogeography
Ecological Animal Geography and the German Natural History Museum
 
CHAPTER TEN
Modern Nature
 
Bibliography
 
Index